Understanding Back Pain
Back pain can arise from muscles, ligaments, joints, discs or nerves of the spine. It may be acute (sudden) or chronic (long-standing) and ranges from mild discomfort to severe, limiting pain.
Common Symptoms
- Persistent or recurrent back pain
- Stiffness and reduced flexibility
- Muscle spasm and tenderness
- Pain that worsens with certain postures or activity
Common Causes
- Muscular and ligament strain
- Disc-related problems
- Spinal joint wear-and-tear (degeneration)
- Poor posture and prolonged sitting
How Assessment Works
Assessment combines a detailed history, examination of the spine and movement, and — where indicated — imaging such as X-ray or MRI to evaluate the underlying structures.
Treatment Options
- Physiotherapy and exercise
- Activity modification and ergonomics
- Pain management and medications
- Ultrasound-guided pain procedures where appropriate
- Specialist referral for persistent or complex cases
When to Seek Specialist Care
Seek specialist care if back pain persists beyond a few weeks, is severe, follows an injury, or is accompanied by leg weakness, numbness or bladder/bowel changes.
Frequently Asked Questions
When should I see a specialist for back pain?
If back pain persists beyond a few weeks, radiates to the leg, or is accompanied by numbness or weakness, a specialist assessment is advisable.
Will I need surgery for back pain?
Most back pain is managed without surgery. Surgery is considered only in specific circumstances after careful assessment.