The Problem

Knee pain is one of the most common reasons people seek orthopaedic care. It can affect walking, stairs, sport and sleep, and may result from injury, wear-and-tear or an underlying joint condition.

Common Symptoms

  • Pain on movement, stairs or at rest
  • Swelling, stiffness or reduced range of motion
  • Locking, clicking or a feeling of instability
  • Difficulty bearing weight

Common Causes

  • Meniscus and ligament injuries (e.g. ACL)
  • Cartilage damage and osteoarthritis
  • Patellar (kneecap) problems
  • Tendon inflammation and overuse

How Diagnosis Works

Assessment begins with a detailed history and physical examination. Imaging such as X-ray, ultrasound or MRI may be used where appropriate to confirm the cause.

Non-Surgical Options

  • Activity modification and physiotherapy
  • Ultrasound-guided injections
  • PRP and regenerative therapies (where appropriate)
  • Weight management and exercise guidance

When Surgery May Be Considered

Surgery may be considered when non-surgical options have not provided sufficient relief and the underlying problem is likely to benefit from a procedure. This is always discussed on an individual basis.

Relevant Procedures

Knee arthroscopyMeniscus repairACL reconstructionJoint replacement

Frequently Asked Questions

When should I see a knee specialist?

If knee pain persists beyond a few days, limits your activity, follows an injury, or is accompanied by swelling or instability, a specialist assessment can help clarify the cause.

Will I need surgery?

Not necessarily. Many knee problems are managed without surgery. A specialist assessment helps determine which options are appropriate for you.