Understanding ACL Injury
The ACL is a key ligament stabilising the knee, controlling rotation and forward movement. Injuries range from a mild sprain to a complete tear and frequently occur during pivoting sports.
Common Symptoms
- A 'pop' sensation at the time of injury
- Rapid swelling within the first few hours
- Pain and inability to continue activity
- A feeling of instability or the knee giving way
Common Causes
- Sudden changes of direction or pivoting
- Landing awkwardly from a jump
- Direct collision to the knee
- Sports such as football, skiing and basketball
How Assessment Works
Assessment includes the injury history, physical examination testing ligament stability, and MRI to confirm the tear and check for associated injuries such as meniscus or cartilage damage.
Treatment Options
- Physiotherapy to restore strength and stability
- Activity modification and bracing
- ACL reconstruction surgery for active patients or persistent instability
- Rehabilitation and return-to-play guidance
When to Seek Specialist Care
Seek specialist care promptly after a suspected ACL injury, especially if you heard a pop, had rapid swelling, or experience instability. Early assessment helps guide both surgical and non-surgical pathways.
Frequently Asked Questions
Does an ACL tear always need surgery?
Not always. Some people manage well with physiotherapy, particularly those with lower activity demands. Surgery is often considered for those returning to pivoting sports or with persistent instability.
How long is recovery after ACL reconstruction?
Recovery typically takes several months and involves structured rehabilitation. Your specialist will discuss an individualised timeline based on your goals and progress.