Understanding Rotator Cuff Problems
Rotator cuff problems range from inflammation (tendinopathy) to partial or complete tears. They are a leading cause of shoulder pain, especially in people over 40 and in those who do repetitive overhead activities.
Common Symptoms
- Pain when lifting or rotating the arm
- Weakness, especially reaching overhead
- Pain that disturbs sleep, particularly when lying on the side
- Clicking or catching with movement
Common Causes
- Age-related tendon degeneration
- Repetitive overhead activity
- Acute injury or fall
- Bone spurs irritating the tendons
How Assessment Works
Assessment includes history, examination of shoulder strength and movement, and imaging — ultrasound is often used initially, with MRI for detailed evaluation of tears.
Treatment Options
- Physiotherapy to restore strength and function
- Activity modification and avoiding aggravating movements
- Ultrasound-guided injections for inflammation
- PRP and regenerative therapies (where appropriate)
- Rotator cuff repair surgery when indicated
When to Seek Specialist Care
Seek specialist care if you have persistent shoulder weakness, pain when lifting the arm, night pain, or symptoms following an injury that do not improve.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the rotator cuff?
The rotator cuff is a group of four muscles and tendons that stabilise and move the shoulder. Injuries can cause pain and weakness, particularly when lifting the arm.
Do all rotator cuff tears need surgery?
No. Many tears, especially degenerative ones, respond well to physiotherapy and non-surgical treatment. Surgery is considered for certain tears causing significant symptoms or weakness.